You can achieve the same result by supplying the time values directly in the formula. decrease number by percentage, then use this formula:įor example, to get the difference between the times in A2 and B2, use this formula:įor the result to display correctly, be sure to apply the Time format to the formula cell: If you wish to subtract percentage from a number, i.e. Or, you can enter the percentages in individual cells and subtract those cells: If you want to simply subtract one percentage from another, the already familiar minus formula will work a treat. If the design of your worksheet does not allow for an extra cell to accommodate the number to be subtracted, nothing prevents you from hardcoding it directly in the formula: The first reference (B2) is not locked, so it changes for each row.Īs the result, in cell C3 you will have the formula =B3-$F$1 in cell C4 the formula will change to =B4-$F$1, and so on: This creates an absolute cell reference that does not change no matter where the formula is copied. The key point is to lock the reference for the cell to be subtracted with the $ sign. To subtract one number from a range of cells, enter that number in some cell (F1 in this example), and subtract cell F1 from the first cell in the range: Subtract the same number from a column of numbers To subtract 2 columns row-by-row, write a minus formula for the topmost cell, and then drag the fill handle or double-click the plus sign to copy the formula to the entire column.Īs an example, let's subtract numbers in column C from the numbers in column B, beginning with row 2:ĭue to the use of relative cell references, the formula will adjust properly for each row: So, make all the numbers you want to subtract negative (for this, simply type a minus sign before a number), and then use the SUM function to add up the negative numbers: To make your formula more compact, add up the subtrahends (B2:B6) using the SUM function, and then subtract the sum from the minuend (B1):Īs you may remember from a math course, subtracting a negative number is the same as adding it. Simply type several cell references separated by a minus sign like we did when subtracting multiple numbers.įor example, to subtract cells B2:B6 from B1, construct a formula in this way: To subtract multiple cells from the same cell, you can use any of the following methods. ![]() How to subtract multiple cells from one cell in Excel Press the Enter key to complete your formula.Īnd you will have a result similar to this:.Click on the cell containing a subtrahend (a number to be subtracted) to add its reference to the formula (B2).Its reference will be added to the formula automatically (A2). Click on the cell containing a minuend (a number from which another number is to be subtracted).In the cell where you want to output the difference, type the equals sign (=) to begin your formula.You do not necessarily have to type cell references manually, you can quickly add them to the formula by selecting the corresponding cells. ![]() For example, to subtract the number in B2 from the number in A2, use this formula:
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![]() This clause for years had prevented app developers from directing their customers to other ways to pay for in-app purchases or subscriptions from inside their apps, leading to confusing screens or broken features, where customers would have to figure out on their own how to make the necessary purchases from the developer’s website.Īpple updated its App Store Guidelines following the Supreme Court’s decision but with a lot of caveats. The decision meant Apple had to remove the “anti-steering” clause from its agreement with App Store developers. The Ninth Circuit District Court had ruled on one count of out 10 in favor of Epic in its decision, finding that Apple violated California’s Unfair Competition law. Though Apple had largely won the case, as the court decided it was not a monopolist, a judge ruled that app makers should be able to steer their customers to the web from links or buttons inside their apps, something that forced Apple to change its App Store rules.īut Apple’s compliance doesn’t give app makers the victory they had hoped, as the tech giant aims to still charge commissions on purchases made outside of apps - a decision Epic aims to challenge in court.Īccording to statements made by Epic Games CEO Tim Sweeney, shared on X, Apple’s “bad-faith” compliance undermines the judge’s order that would have allowed buttons or external links “in addition to. Fortnite maker Epic Games is not happy about how Apple intends to comply with a district court’s injunction that permitted app developers to direct users to their own websites and payment platforms - a court order that came into effect following the Supreme Court’s decision to not hear the Apple antitrust case, leaving the current ruling to stand. Part of the Google Font Improvements Project, the latest updates to the family include the addition of a Cyrillic character set and support for Vietnamese.ĭavid Airey, a graphic designer and occasional writer in Northern Ireland, is among its admirers. Created by Johan Aakerlund, a design engineer at the Technical University of Denmark, it’s a simple, good looking font that includes large number of different characters and symbols. Save Fontographer FOG files or export FontLab VFB files, and open them in FontLab VI or FontLab Studio 5 for professional-quality technical post-production.Ĭreate monochrome bitmap fonts from scratch or from an outline font, and edit them, in multiple sizes, export BDF bitmap fonts, and open them in BitFonter for professional post-production, or import them into FontLab Studio 5 for embedding into TrueType SBIT fonts.Free font Comfortaa could work well in a logo design (Image credit: Google Fonts)Ĭomfortaa is a rounded geometric sans-serif type design intended for large sizes. Export glyphs as Adobe Illustrator 8 EPS (.ai +. ![]() Also generate Type 1 and Mac Classic font formats. Generate PostScript-flavored OpenType PS ( OTF) fonts and TrueType-flavored OpenType TT ( TTF) fonts. Fontographer automatically optimizes the font rendering in small sizes using sophisticated autohinting, or lets you manually define hints. The app will figure out the rest, and export the font using our industry-proved high-end FontLab engine. In Fontographer 5, you only need to set some basic technical parameters to generate a font. Turn on Preferences > General > Asian CJK font editing and turn on Vertical in a Metrics Window to edit the top and bottom sidebearings.Ĭontrol just the essential settings and let Fontographer do the rest Use Kerning Assistance to set equivalent pairs for glyph groups/classes, for example accented characters. Turn on Kerning in the Metrics Window or use Edit Kerning to manually edit kerning pairs. Use Auto Kern to automatically generate kerning pairs for glyph pairs that need placement correction. Use Metrics Assistance to copy metrics to other glyphs. Use the Metrics Window to manually tweak the glyph metrics. Use Auto Space to automatically set the metrics (widths and sidebearings) of all or some glyphs. The distances between the contours and the advance width on each side of the glyph are called sidebearings. Your glyph contours are drawn inside the advance width (but may also overhang outside the width). If a kerning pair is defined between two glyphs, the 2nd glyph’s placement is shifted by the kerning pair value. Then, the 2nd glyph is placed at the text cursor. When you type text using a font, each glyph appears and the text cursor is shifted by this glyph’s advance width. The Metrics Window lets you set the width, sidebearings and kerningĮach glyph is a design on an advance width. Create intermediate weights with Blend Fonts. ![]() Make the glyphs lighter or bolder with Change Weight. ![]() Measure distances with the Measurement tool, and use arbitrary vector shapes as guides in the Guidelines layer. Turn template bitmaps into outlines with precise Auto Trace. Place curves and bitmaps into the Template layer for reference. Scale, Rotate, Slant losslessly thanks to the fractional precision, Align Points to Grid to snap the points to preview the final font outlines in integer coordinates.ĭraw on the Outline layer. Turn on Auto Curvature to keep nodes extra-smooth. Remove nodes manually with Merge Points and automatically with Clean Up Paths while keeping the shapes of the curves. Draw calligraphic strokes with the pressure-sensitive Calligraphy Pen.Īdd nodes and slice through segments with Knife. Draw geometric shapes with the Rectangle or Polygon tools (including stars and rounded corners), and with the Ellipse tool. Originally developed by the same team as the drawing program Freehand, Fontographer (or “ FOG”) was the first software product on the Mac ever to include Bézier drawing tools, and is still famous for its clean, robust and easy-to-use user interface.ĭraw curves with the classic Bézier Pen tool or use the Curve, Corner, Tangent, Arc tools to build your outline step-by-step. The Glyph Window has a rich set of easy-to-use yet powerful Bézier tools This purchase does not entitle you to any upgrades.Ī purchase grants you two(2) single-use licenses. A major release is identified by a new number to the left of the first decimal point in the version number of the product name. “Upgrade” means a major release of the software, as determined by Ti’kuto Ltd in its sole discretion. An update is identified by a change in a number to the right of the first decimal point in the product’s version number. “Update” means a bug fix, patch, or other revision to or modification of the software that Ti’kuto Ltd provides. Updates will, upon installation, automatically become subject to this agreement. You may not rent or lease the Software, you may not reverse engineer, decompile, or disassemble the Software, except to the extent that the foregoing restriction is expressly prohibited by applicable law. This License is your proof of license to exercise the rights granted herein and must be retained by you. You may not copy the user documentation provided with the Software, except for your authorised use ![]() a book or musical recording) except that you may either (a) make one copy of the Software solely for backup or archival purposes, or (b) transfer the Software to a single hard disk provided you keep the original solely for backup or archival purposes. Therefore, you must treat the Software like any other copyrighted material (e.g. The Software is owned by Ti’kuto Ltd and is protected by Mauritian copyright laws and international treaty provisions. You expressly understand and agree that you are contracting solely with Ti’kuto Ltd, for the use of the LGCv1 and not with any subsidiary or other affiliated entity of Ti’kuto Ltd, and all obligations of Licensor hereunder are solely of Ti’kuto Ltd. You may NOT distribute any part of the LGCv1 as a part of any package which is offered in any way on the open market whether for sale or free of charge. Ti’kuto Ltd grants you a nonexclusive, non-transferable perpetual license to use the LGCv1 and any documentation for your purposes, subject to the terms of this Agreement. If you do not agree to the terms of this Agreement, promptly delete the LGCv1 and accompanying items (including printed materials and binders or other containers) in their entirety. By installing, copying or otherwise using any part of the “Layout Grid Calculator v1 (LGCv1)”, you agree to be bound by the terms of this Agreement. This is a legal agreement between you (either an individual or an entity) and Ti’kuto Ltd (C08079036). By installing, copying or otherwise using the aforementioned software product, you agree to be bound by the terms of the following software license agreement. The following license agreement applies to you. We recommend that you do not reuse the LGC with an IDML file, because some parameters will be ignored and replaced. An IDML file that is reopened will lose its LGC editing capabilities but will retain its grid settings.A document created using LGC can be shared and reopened without the plug-in installed, it can also be exported to IDML format. ![]() The LGC panel can be closed and reopened without loosing the settings
![]() It can be under the rafters to support, or the rafters can tie into it for support. Transfers the roof load to the gable ends or a post and supports the rafter ends at the ridge. The upper edge where two roof slopes or decks meet. It is measured from the horizontal wall line to the sloped rafter using the rise over run: a 14° angle gives a 3/12 slope, 4/12 is an 18.2° angle, and 6/12 a 26.6° angle. Is used to cut the rafter where it meets the ridge beam, and to cut out the birds mouth at the wall. The span is the distance from one rafter supporting wall to the other rafter supporting wall. Is the height of the roof compared to the total span of the roof, usually expressed as a ratio of in feet (6-feet to 18-feet or 8:16). Measures the rise in inches for every foot of distance horizontally: 3” rise for a 12” run (3/12). It permits high storage on one wall and less on the other. The slope determines if it is a Skillion (greater than 6/12) or Shed roof. The Skillion or Shed roof provides a single slope roof deck running from a high wall to a lower wall. The Gable or Hip roof will give higher center storage or headroom. If you want headroom or storage on one side but not the other, the Saltbox is ideal. If you need a high usable attic/storage space, the Gambrel or barn roof is best. If you want a high side and a low side, the Saltbox, Skillion or shed roof is for you. If all walls are the same height, the Gable, Hip, and Gambrel roof works well. Hot, arid climates frequently have a low slope roof design with lots of ventilation and insulation.ĭifferent roof styles go with specific structures. The saltbox roof was designed for coastal winds. Damp shingles can lead to moss which will also rot the shingle.Ī strong prevailing wind or gusts usually means a lower slope windward to reduce wind force. Rain can pool on a low slope roof and rot cedar and asphalt shingles and find or enlarge gaps to cause leaks. The greater the snow load potential, the higher the slope should be (4/12 or better). Most roof designs can be made to work in most climates, just be aware that there may be higher costs involved to build them. Snow load, wind force, rain and heat all are climate factors that influence the roof. Where you’re building has an impact on roof slope and design. ![]() They may not be necessary on a shed, but they will help the roof last longer and help protect whatever you store in the shed. You’ve put a lot of sweat and money into building your shed, so protect your investment by using felt paper, ice guard, and drip edge. If the roof is less than 2/12, it should be either metal or have a rubber membrane covering it. There are special shingles available for 2/12, but you’re better off using other materials. Asphalt shingle can be installed on a pitch of 2 over 12 or greater. The pitch of the roof determines the roofing material you can use. It must meet the local codes for thickness (at least 3/8”), which is also based on the rafter or truss spacing. Plywood or OSB is the most common materials used for the roof sheathing. Gable Shed Roof with Ridge Beam Framingįactors That Impact Your Shed Roof Design.Measure Rafter Length and Mark the Outside Edge of Building.Determine How Deep to Cut the Birdsmouth. ![]() Find the Length of Common Rafter on a Shed.Shed Roof Framing Process Explained – Step by Step Instructions.What is the Difference Between Pitch and Slope.Factors That Impact Your Shed Roof Design. ![]() Researchers can combat this type of bias by taking some steps. The results fail to accurately represent what exists in reality because they are influenced by the researcher’s own biases and prejudices. When observer bias is present in a study, it affects the data collection itself. Observer bias is also known as the experimenter effect, and it can result in misleading information. Other types of observer bias include confirmation bias, in which someone interprets information to favor their existing beliefs selectivity bias, in which a researcher uses only data that supports his or her hypothesis and recall bias, in which someone’s memory skews their interpretation of events.įor example, if you were writing about a restaurant that you’ve never visited but had heard good things about, your perceptions might be skewed in a positive direction, affecting your ability to write objectively and factually about it. Read: Research Bias: Definition, Types + Examples For example, if a researcher is trying to figure out whether there are more men or women in a public park, and she tries to count every person that passes her but happens to miss some of the people who are wearing hats or backpacks because she doesn’t expect them to be women (even though they might be), that’s observer bias. Observer bias is a problem in research studies where the information collected about participants or events is affected by the fact that the researcher has expectations about what is going to happen. In other words, observer bias is a type of bias that occurs when the person writing the content has personal feelings or perspectives that affect their ability to impartially discuss the subject. ![]() Observer bias is defined as when an observer’s expectations about a person, object, or event influence their observations. ![]() In this article, we will discuss observer bias, the types, and the implications in research. Observer bias mostly occurs in the observational study but it can happen in other forms of studies. For example, If you expect that a certain place will be dirty and smelly, you might be more likely to notice trash or bad smells than if you expected the place to be clean and pleasant. Observer bias is when the results of an experiment are influenced by a researcher’s expectations. ![]() If you set up your email as an IMAP or POP account, your calendars and contacts won't sync. Can't sync calendar and contacts after set up If your email is working on the computer and there is no outage, the issue might be with your email app. You can also check the server status of for outages here. You can learn how to remove your sync partnership and then you'll have to re-add your account. If your or Microsoft 365 work or school account account was syncing with your mobile device before and now it's not, see Fix email sync issues. ![]() or Microsoft 365 work or school account account not syncing anymore See How do I give feedback on Microsoft Office for more information. If you have a feature you'd like to request, please send us your feedback to help us prioritize new features in future updates. I can't find a feature that I need in Outlook If the Outlook mobile app crashes when you open it, clear the browser's cache on your device. In order for you to install the Outlook mobile app you need:Ī mobile device that meets the minimum requirements for the app.Įnough storage space on your device for the size of the app.Ī Wi-Fi or data connection that will allow you to download apps. Learn how to delete or remove phone partnerships using Outlook on the web: Fix email sync issues or remove a device from your Outlook on the web mailbox. ![]() If you lost your phone or are trying to reset your sync partnerships, you can remove it from your account. If you have an Microsoft 365 work or school account account that uses Microsoft 365 for business or Exchange-based accounts, talk to your Microsoft 365 admin or technical support to resolve issues.įor accounts such as etc., contact Microsoft support. or Microsoft 365 account stopped syncingĬan't sync calendar and contacts after set up ![]() ![]() It has to do, in part, with getting the baseline established and everything fixed, and then having more precise control when mods are added. I think you can find many posts about this very thing on, , and the FZ1 forums. As to why we'd still need a fuel manager, he put it to me in a way that made sense, and I forget all the tech now. I know it's been discussed on the place and the FZ1 forums quite a bit, but since Ivan's re-flashes have been producing such amazing results, and lots of happy customers, it's been a quiet debate. ![]() I know if Ivan didn't ever want to get into the Honda bikes, then I'd be up for what you're suggesting. I loved their earlier bikes.įur ball zen, that sounds really cool. Maybe they don't care, maybe they're complacent in way, I don't know. So, while I think Honda makes some great and reliably engineered stuff, they don't really seem to even compete in many market segments. I mean, they're still using the same parts bin stuff on most of their bikes that I remember having on bikes from the 1980s. It's not racetrack stuff, but real world riding advantages. But this guy is a rare bird who knows what he's doing, and the work is amazing. Sounds like I'm advertising for him, I'm sure. Fuel cut, fan turn-on temp, additional timing changes that can be made and maximized from within. There are many other limitations imposed in every bike on the market these days. Does that clear that up? The only thing the PCV does, and I have one too, is overcome the rev/speed limiter. If I wanted, for example, a later update that the exhaust valve servo routine removed, I could send the ECU back for that, but it was not necessary. He offered a tuned map for stock, or nearly stock, then with full exhaust. I started with the ECU re-flash on a Z1000 with only slip-ons and his recommended air box mod for that bike. When I've had mine done, as he says on his site, and if you call him, when I got a full exhaust, he sends me the developed map for that. He doesn't operate like others.go to his site and read up on it. So, even with the Cobra fuel units, the bike is more maximized. With these ECU re-flashes, the limitations are removed. We need it with a PCV, or want it, that is, if you do, because we're dealing with an ECU that's limited. In both case of bikes with his work in them, they ran MUCH more powerfully everywhere, I've gotten as good or better gas mileage than stock, the bike does run cooler, smoother.and if he works on the ECU, he raises the rev limit within the ECU. ![]() He does say the other fuel modules are ok, too. Power Commander is his preferred, and as my own bikes have all run with his PC maps, the advantages are obvious. Sounds like you went to the link? Ivan's work is generally to go WITH a fuel module. Ivan has been written about in mags like Motorcyclist and such for his work not the FZ1, pre fuel injection and 2006 and up, the Z1000, ZX-14. However, I am wondering if there were enough interest in this stuff, we could get him to look into the Honda VT line, which very much needs all the help it can get, especially in the engine department.Īnyone be interested in this sort of awesome mod that could pull a lot more power and even smoother riding out of these engines? Perhaps we could let him know if we are. I have mentioned the Hondas to him, and he seemed uninterested. He turned the Z1k into a smooth, more fuel efficient brute of a bike. Look at those gains in the dyno charts! That 1300 is almost as strong as my VTX 1800 was after pipes and an intake, etc. For a more apples to apples comparison, take the Stryker for example: He really does transform these machines into maximizing their potential. I've personally experienced Ivan's Performance Products' work on my Yamaha FZ1, Kawasaki Z1000, and he has recent work on Yamaha Raider, Stryker, Roadliner, etc. I have a new 2013 Sabre 1300, and have come from a long line of bikes. ![]() ![]() The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and the London City Police are expected to issue a statement in this regard soon. Spanning a huge array of work-in-progress gameplay, the. However, nothing official has come out in this regard yet. An enormous batch of leaked GTA 6 footage has appeared online, confirming numerous details about the much-anticipated crimefest. GTA 6 New Leaked Gameplay HIGHLIGHTS WITH AUDIO. This means that there is a very strong possibility that “Breachbase,” “teapotuberhacker” and “White” can be the same 17-year-old teenager. GTA 6 gameplay is leaked and you must watch it before Rockstar takes it down. The hacker who goes by the name teapotuberhacker, recently presented the Uber Hack as a reference for “past work” while leaking the GTA 6 videos. GTA 5 and 6 source code and assets, GTA 6 testing. gta 6 leaked footage Blogs, Comments and Archive. Footage from an early build of Grand Theft Auto 6 has reportedly leaked online, as a potential hacker has shared 90 video clips from the game. Big trouble over at Rockstar this morning, as somehow, some way, an enormous amount of early footage from GTA 6 has leaked out, spread across 90 videos currently being. This was what many hackers were claiming on Doxbin that the GTA 6 and Uber data breaches were done by the person who goes by the online aliases of “Breachbase” and “White.” Doxbin is an underground website which is primarily used by people posting personal data of any person of interest. gta 6 leaked footage Latest Breaking News, Pictures, Videos, and Special Reports from The Economic Times. People monitoring the developments of the case claim that the hacker had made over $14 million from cybercrimes, before the GTA 6 leaks.Īround the time the GTA 6 gameplay videos were leaked, teapotuberhacker, allegedly, also hacked into Uber. Below you find several GTA 6 map renditions that were created by the GTA 6 mapping community based on the leaked footage from 2022, as well as from footage of the first official trailer. The hacker had several aliases under which he operated including names like “Breachbase” and “White”. The 17-year-old was arrested after other hackers leaked his address and name online. Alleged GTA 6 gameplay footage has been leaked online before the game’s official reveal on December 5, 2023. Use dynamic connectors that arrange themselves automatically to easily connect shapes and show relationships. Arrowheads should be added to show direction. Use the key you first established to determine the quality of the relationship and the type of connector. Assign and draw lines to identify the quality of relationshipsĭraw connecting lines between the individual/family to the external entities.Add hyperlinks from outside sources if required. Format the shapes and align the text the way you want. Select from the preset colors by hovering over the shape or from the extensive color options available in the shape properties panel. ![]() Use Plus Create to draw shapes automatically. ![]() Also, don’t forget to include some more circles for institutions, entities, and other possible associations such as schools, work, religious places, government agencies (i.e., child care protection services), welfare programs/agencies, etc. Next, identify extended relationships and friendships beyond the immediate family and connections. Include extended family, friendships, relevant people, and community. Add more circles to represent people, institutions, entities, etc., that the client may have a relationship withĭraw more circles to identify the social and environmental systems that impact the individual/family.Creately provides access to a host of templates to get you started quickly. Customize the template the way you want using the shape library, dynamic connectors, and advanced formatting options. If you don’t know where to start visualizing, the best is to start with a premade ecomap template. Before moving to the next step, draw a bigger circle surrounding the circle in the center. Also, make sure to put each person’s name and age in the representative shapes. Represent males and females using squares and circles, respectively. If you are creating a family ecomap, create a genogram in the center of the circle to represent the family. List down the name of the individual in the center of the circle. Next, draw a large circle in the middle of the canvas.The types of symbols will vary depending on the complexity of your needs. To start visualizing your ecomap, first create a key or guide of the symbols that you will be using. The ecomap is a useful decision-making tool, as it helps individuals to consider different options and their potential impact on the relationships and systems represented in the map.Įcomaps can help reduce conflict and promote cooperatio among family members by building consensus and understanding among them. This way you can easily identify the resources and support systems needed to address the needs of the individuals. While an ecomap visualizes the challenges and strengths within a family or group, it help encourage discussion around potential solutions to the problems as well. These models offer a comprehensive explanation of the rationale behind the initiation of a particular program idea. Here’s how you can use ecomaps collaboratively:įocus on the underlying assumptions and beliefs that shape the design and plan for a program. It is used in various disciplines to understand an ecosystem, how an individual interacts with an ecosystem, resource availability, client or community requirements, and much more.Įcomaps can be used in a collaborative setting, involving the individuals or family members themselves, to gather information and gain insights into their strengths, challenges, and relationships more effectively. However, the usage of ecomaps is now no longer limited to social workers. Provides an understanding regarding areas of service duplication.Helps to identify emerging issues and themes.Helps you to understand what and to what extent you require information.Provides a starting point for conversation and a useful framework to get the work started.Shows how a person’s connections influence an environment and how they are sustained and developed.Helps to determine a family’s strengths, resources, needs, and deficiencies.Other advantages of using an ecomap include: By mapping the dynamics of these relationships, one can try to see if any disconnections or concerns lead to an unhealthy family life. Employed mainly by social workers, it is a great way to get a clear and detailed picture of a client’s social and family relationships. It is a visual map that shows an individual’s or a family’s connection to the external world. Ecomaps (or eco maps) are helpful, especially in assessing family, social, and community relationships. |
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